Crops are also destroyed by insects, and this is prevented through insect protected GM crops. Though the benefits of GM crops are straightforward in developing countries, in the developed countries, the benefits are channeled through benefits to the environment with the promotion of right use of land and water.

One of the common benefits of GM crops is its reduced greenhouse gas emissions. This is because of the lower amount of fuel that is used for agriculture, and because of additional soil carbon sequestration that arises from reduced ploughing with biotech crops. In fact, the use of synthetic pesticide on GM cotton has greatly reduced. However, there are many controversies that are connected with GM foods; which are human and environmental safety, intellectual property rights, poverty reduction, food security and environmental conservation.

It has been proven through scientific research that the nutritional values of animal feeds and food, after ingestion is good by both a proteomics approach and a metabolomics approach. This research was concentrated on first generation GM crops, and it has been deduced that there is not much of a difference in its nutritional value of the corresponding conventional crop. It was also found that there were no residues of recombinant DNA in the organs or tissues of animals fed GM food.

However, on the comprehensive chemical fingerprinting of GM potatoes, it has been found that they are substantially equivalent to the conventional potatoes. There are some variations in the protein profiles between numerous conventional varieties of potatoes, but little difference in the profile because of an insertion of new traits through genetic engineering.

Molds produce mycotoxins that are bad for human health. These mycotoxins are produced by numerous fungi like Aspergillus, and they grow on plants. These chemicals can cause liver damage or cancer; there is a form of mycotoxin that can also cause severe birgh defects to the baby if eaten by a pregnant woman in the form of perhaps tortillas that were made form moldy maize. It also causes cancer in both men and women if they drink alcoholic beverages made from this moldy maize. This is why this is a problem in places where maize is a staple food like China and Central America.

This fungal growth in maize is due to moisture, climatic factors and predation by maize. However, reports show that GM maize that are insect protected produce lower mycotoxin levels with its reduced insect damage. Where world wide trade suffered in hundreds of millions $US per year because of mycotoxin in crops, this GM maize has provided a total of $23 million to US alone, annually.